Land of the pharaohs: Egypt (1 of 7)
The Nile and the "two lands"

-Upper egypt was a 5,000 mile long strip of fertile land along the Nile; Lower egypt was the wide land of the Nile data emptying into the Mediterranean Sea
- The Nile was the major provider of life fo rthe Egyptians and was much revered in love and writing
-C. 3100 B.C. the two lands were united under a single king or "pharaoh"

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Government by a god-king

-Pharaoh, was all powerful, worshipped as a god and intimately connected to the other major egyptian gods and goddesses
-Egyptians relied ona harmony and balance of the universe, called "maat"
-Pharaohs had multiple wives, often their own sisters, and al routes to financial and social success were through the palace
- Women could inherit money and land and divorce their husband, though only a tiny few ever wielded real political power

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Gods, Humans, and Everlasting life

-Gods were often potrayed with animal heasd or bodies
-The pharoah Akenaten worshipped a "Aten" a sundisk
-Egyptians believed in an after-life and mummified bodies to preserve them for this pst death journey
-All souls would need to justify themselves at the point of death and be either sent to an after-world paradise of the jaws of a monster

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"The writing of the words of god"
-Earliest Egyptian writing formed C. 3100 B.C. and were small pictures known as hieroglyphs
-Hieroglyphy represented religious words, or parts of words, and most commonly adonned temples
-Papyrus, the precursor to paper, was stored in scrolls and these scrolls were the books of ancient egypt

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Calendars and sailboats
-Egyptian astronomers created a calendar with 365 days to make better sense of the seasonal cycles
-Due to their excellent knowledge of the human anatomy, Egyptian doctors wrote extensively on health issues and created potions and curestor a number of common ailments
-Wooden sailboats were constructed to increase transport ability on the Nile

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Pyramids temples
-The pyramids were massive stone tombs, originally covered in marble but the marble was later stripped off during the Muslim conquest
-Stone sculptures and interior painting depicted humans and gods in a series of regulated poses, often in profile without perspective, but were highly effective